{"id":16537,"date":"2022-11-08T10:19:16","date_gmt":"2022-11-08T10:19:16","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.dekagro.gr\/?page_id=16537"},"modified":"2025-12-22T09:05:07","modified_gmt":"2025-12-22T09:05:07","slug":"rice-fertilization-guide","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.dekagro.gr\/sr\/fertilization\/rice-fertilization-guide\/","title":{"rendered":"Rice fertilization guide"},"content":{"rendered":"
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Rice
fertilization guide<\/h1>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t
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Rice fertilization guide<\/div><\/h1>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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Rice Leaflet<\/i> <\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t
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\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t
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Rice can be successfully cultivated in a wide range of soil types; however, the highest yields are achieved in heavy, cohesive soils with high clay and silt content.
These soils are characterized by good water-holding capacity, a particularly important trait for maintaining a stable water level in rice paddies.<\/p>

The crop\u2019s sensitivity to salinity varies depending on its growth stage:
Rice is sensitive to salts from germination until the start of tillering, shows greater tolerance during vegetative growth, and becomes sensitive again during the reproductive phase.<\/p>

In terms of acidity, rice grows satisfactorily in soils with a pH ranging from 5.0 to 8.5, with the ideal range being 6.0\u20136.5.<\/p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t

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The unique nature of rice cultivation, due to the continuous flooding of the soil with water, makes adequate nutrition and targeted fertilization critical factors for the vigorous growth of the plants, the formation of a rich tillering system, and the achievement of high and high-quality grain yields.<\/p>

Godi\u0161nje nutritivne potrebe u kg \/ ha<\/th><\/tr>
Fruit Type

<\/th>		Azot

(N)<\/th>		Fosfor

(P2<\/span>O5<\/span>)<\/th>		Kalijum

(K2<\/span>O)<\/th>		Sulphur

(S)<\/th><\/tr><\/thead>
Rice<\/td>20 – 25<\/td>8 – 11<\/td>20 – 25<\/td>3 – 4<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
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From Germination to the Start of Tillering<\/h3>

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From germination to the appearance of the fourth leaf, the crop intensively develops its root system, which reaches its maximum growth during flowering. With the appearance of the fifth leaf, rapid vegetative growth begins, and the plant enters the tillering stage.<\/p>

Basal fertilization plays a critical role in the establishment of the crop in the soil, creating the foundation for robust vegetative growth, a rich tillering process, and satisfactory production of inflorescences and seeds.<\/p>

The flooding of the rice paddy makes the use of Nitrogen in Uric and Ammoniacal form necessary, as Nitrate Nitrogen is easily leached and lost from the soil.<\/p>

Nitrogen (N)<\/strong> and Phosphorus (P)<\/strong> enhance the development of a rich root system and contribute to increasing plant height and leaf size. Potassium (K)<\/strong> improves root and leaf surface development, enhances water absorption, and contributes to the crop\u2019s resistance to diseases.<\/p>

Zinc (Zn)<\/strong> is essential for key metabolic processes of the root and plays a decisive role in photosynthetic capacity and overall vegetative growth.<\/p><\/div>

From the Start to the End of Tillering<\/h3>

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During this period, the plants progressively increase in height, develop new leaves, and enter the tillering stage.<\/p>

The development, number, and productivity of the tillers are enhanced in conditions of high sunlight, intense photosynthetic activity, and good nutritional supply of Nitrogen (N)<\/strong>, Phosphorus (P)<\/strong>, and Potassium (K)<\/strong>.<\/p>

The crop\u2019s needs for Phosphorus (P)<\/strong> and Potassium (K)<\/strong> are covered by basal fertilization, while Nitrogen (N)<\/strong> is applied on the surface at the start of tillering.<\/p>

A key factor in the selection of the surface fertilizer is the high content of Ammoniacal Nitrogen, as it is the preferred form of Nitrogen for the crop until it enters the reproductive stage.<\/p>

Approximately two months after germination, the rice reaches its maximum number of tillers, and the crop enters the reproductive stage.<\/p>

Nitrogen (N)<\/strong> \u2013 Accelerates vegetative growth, increases the number and size of leaves, enhances photosynthetic capacity, and promotes the formation of productive tillers.<\/p>

Phosphorus (P)<\/strong> \u2013 Favors tillering and introduces the crop into the reproductive phase in a timely manner.<\/p>

Potassium (K)<\/strong> \u2013 Contributes to determining the number of tillers and enhances the mechanical strength of the plants, reducing the risk of lodging.<\/p><\/div>

From the End of Tillering to the End of Flowering<\/h3>

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Towards the end of tillering, the differentiation of the inflorescence begins, and the number of grains that each panicle will bear is pre-determined. At the same time, the plants accelerate the growth of the root system, increase in height, and begin accumulating nutrients in their plant organs, which will be used during the development and filling of the grains. Approximately one month later, the plants reach their maximum height, and the development and expansion of the inflorescence are completed. Flowering and fertilization of the florets follow, lasting 7 to 10 days.<\/p>

During this period, any environmental stress or lack of nutrients \u2013 especially Nitrogen \u2013 can significantly reduce the final yield, negatively affecting the size of the inflorescence, the number of spikelets, and the number of potential grains per panicle.<\/p>

Surface fertilization with Nitrogen during the inflorescence formation stage is essential and one of the most important cultivation practices to ensure high production.<\/p>

Nitrogen (N)<\/strong> \u2013 Stimulates vegetative growth, enhances photosynthesis, and increases the number and size of panicles, spikelets, and grains per panicle.<\/p>

Phosphorus (P)<\/strong> \u2013 Promotes early flowering and increases the number of formed inflorescences.<\/p>

Potassium (K)<\/strong> \u2013 Improves the production and composition of nutrients in the leaves and increases the number of spikelets per panicle and the percentage of filled grains.<\/p>

Sulfur (S)<\/strong> \u2013 Has a positive effect on the size and number of inflorescences per plant and improves the yield and quality of the grains.<\/p><\/div>

From the End of Flowering to Maturity<\/h3>

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Immediately after the end of flowering, the development and filling of the grains begins, through the accumulation of carbohydrates from both the reserves of the plant organs and the ongoing photosynthetic activity of the leaves. The carbohydrates are then converted into starch, which gradually solidifies as the development of the grains completes.<\/p>

Approximately two weeks after the end of flowering, the grains reach their maximum weight, with moisture ranging between 25-30%. As maturation continues, the moisture decreases to 18-21%, and the grains harden, signaling the appropriate stage for harvesting.<\/p>

High sunlight and maintaining healthy foliage are crucial factors for achieving high and quality production, as the majority of carbohydrates used for grain filling are produced during this stage.<\/p>

Nitrogen (N)<\/strong> \u2013 Maintains the active photosynthetic capacity of the leaves and contributes to the increase in grain weight.<\/p>

Phosphorus (P)<\/strong> \u2013 Promotes uniform ripening and increases grain weight.<\/p>

Potassium (K)<\/strong> \u2013 Supports the production and transport of carbohydrates from the leaves to the grains, enhancing their size, weight, and quality.<\/p><\/div><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t

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Basic fertilization provides the plants with the necessary nutrients for good establishment in the soil, the development of a strong root system, and the formation of vigorous vegetation. At the same time, it ensures the essential reserves of Phosphorus (P) and Potassium (K) that will be used in later critical stages, such as tillering, reproduction, and the formation and filling of grains.<\/p>

It is applied as follows<\/strong>:<\/p>